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39th BCS (Medical Part)

39th BCS (Medical Part)

বিগত সালের প্রশ্ন BCS 39th BCS (Medical Part)
প্রশ্ন 51 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Immediate blood transfusion reaction includes:
A. Air embolism
B. Hypercalcemia
C. Hypokalaemia
D. Circulating overload
Explanation:
Transfusion-associated circulatory overload is a recognised immediate complication of blood transfusion, particularly with rapid or excessive volume administration. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 52 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Which one of the following acts as an anti-oxidant?
A. Ceruloplasmin
B. Ionizing radiation
C. Hydrogen peroxide
D. Hypochlorous acid
Explanation:
Ceruloplasmin has antioxidant properties by oxidising ferrous iron and limiting free-radical generation, unlike the other options which are oxidising/damaging agents. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 53 সঠিক উত্তর: B
The tissue macrophage is derived from:
A. Lymphocyte
B. Monocyte
C. Eosinophil
D. Helper T cell
Explanation:
Circulating monocytes migrate into tissues and differentiate into tissue macrophages. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 54 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Pre XDR tuberculosis means:
A. TB resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin
B. TB resistant to isoniazid and ciprofloxacin
C. TB resistant to isoniazid, rifampicin and ciprofloxacin
D. TB resistant to isoniazid, rifampicin and pyrazinamide
Explanation:
Pre-XDR TB refers to multidrug-resistant TB (resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin) with additional resistance to a fluoroquinolone such as ciprofloxacin. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 55 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Serum sodium level is:
A. 130-140 mmol/L
B. 125-140 mmol/L
C. 135-145 mmol/L
D. 145-155 mmol/L
Explanation:
The normal reference range for serum sodium is approximately 135-145 mmol/L. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 56 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Which vitamin is not synthesised in body?
A. Vit-D
B. Vit-K
C. Vit-A
D. Biotin
Explanation:
Vitamin D is synthesised in the skin under UV light, and vitamins K and biotin are produced by gut bacteria, but vitamin A cannot be synthesised by the body and must be obtained from the diet. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 57 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Extra pyramidal lesion causes:
A. Flaccid paralysis
B. Hyper kinesia
C. Cog wheel rigidity
D. Hyper reflexion of lower limb
Explanation:
Extrapyramidal (basal ganglia) lesions classically produce cogwheel rigidity, as seen in Parkinsonism, rather than the spasticity and hyperreflexia of pyramidal lesions. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 58 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Which component is not present in CSF?
A. Glucose
B. Protein
C. Erythrocyte
D. Leucocyte
Explanation:
Normal cerebrospinal fluid does not contain red blood cells; their presence suggests haemorrhage or a traumatic tap. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 59 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Medial surface of brain is supplied by:
A. Middle cerebral artery
B. Anterior cerebral artery
C. Vertebral artery
D. Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Explanation:
The anterior cerebral artery supplies the medial surface of the cerebral hemisphere, while the middle cerebral artery supplies the lateral surface. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 60 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Urinary bladder is lined by.
A. Squamous epithelium
B. Transitional epithelium
C. Columnar epithelium
D. Cuboidal epithelium
Explanation:
The urinary bladder is lined by transitional epithelium (urothelium), which allows for distension as the bladder fills. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 61 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Exotoxin mediated disease is:
A. Necrotizing fasciitis
B. Wegener's granulomatosis
C. Kuru
D. Nipah encephalitis
Explanation:
Necrotizing fasciitis is commonly caused by exotoxin-producing bacteria such as Group A Streptococcus, unlike the other listed non-bacterial or autoimmune conditions. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 62 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Which of the following malignancies is associated with radiation?
A. Ovarian carcinoma
B. Maltoma
C. Burkitt's lymphoma
D. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Explanation:
Ionising radiation exposure is a well-established risk factor for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia, as seen in atomic bomb survivor studies. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 63 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Cardinal feature of atopic dermatitis is:
A. Swelling
B. Scratching
C. Widespread oily skin
D. Increased IgM level
Explanation:
Intense pruritus leading to scratching is a cardinal clinical feature of atopic dermatitis. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 64 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Morphological appearance of necrosis is the result of:
A. Denaturation of intracellular proteins
B. Saponification of cells
C. Mummification of cells
D. Intracellular alkalosis
Explanation:
The characteristic morphological changes seen in necrosis result mainly from denaturation of intracellular proteins and enzymatic digestion of cell components. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 65 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Elastic cartilage is not found in:
A. Auditory tube
B. Epiglottis
C. Auricle of ear
D. Epiphyseal plate of bone
Explanation:
The epiphyseal growth plate is composed of hyaline cartilage, whereas the auricle, epiglottis and auditory tube contain elastic cartilage. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 66 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Simple squamous epithelium is found in:
A. Lining of gall bladder
B. Lining of urinary bladder
C. Lining of fallopian tube
D. Endothelium
Explanation:
The endothelium lining blood vessels and the heart is a classic example of simple squamous epithelium. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 67 সঠিক উত্তর: C
BCG vaccine at birth causes:
A. Prevention of primary tuberculosis
B. Prevention of secondary tuberculosis
C. Controlled primary infection
D. Prevention of MDR tuberculosis
Explanation:
BCG vaccination does not fully prevent infection but helps produce a controlled primary infection, reducing the risk of severe disseminated childhood tuberculosis. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 68 সঠিক উত্তর: D
During accommodation reaction there is:
A. Constriction of pupil by sympathetic nerve
B. Contraction of suspensory ligament
C. Increase in transverse diameter of lens
D. Contraction of ciliary muscle
Explanation:
The accommodation reflex for near vision involves contraction of the ciliary muscle, which relaxes the suspensory ligaments and allows the lens to become more rounded. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 69 সঠিক উত্তর: B
The drug of choice for cerebral malaria is:
A. Oral quinine
B. Injectable artesunate
C. Oral doxycycline
D. Combination of sulphamethoxazole and pyrimethamine
Explanation:
Intravenous/injectable artesunate is now the WHO-recommended first-line treatment for severe and cerebral malaria. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 70 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Karyotype of Turner Syndrome is:
A. 45 XO
B. 45 XY
C. 46 XX
D. 47 XXY
Explanation:
Turner syndrome is characterised by a 45,XO karyotype, involving a single X chromosome with the other sex chromosome missing. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 71 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Male external genital organ includes:
A. Seminal vesicle
B. Epididymis
C. Penis
D. Prostate
Explanation:
The penis (along with the scrotum) is an external genital organ in the male, whereas the seminal vesicle, epididymis and prostate are internal structures. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 72 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Extracellular structural protein is:
A. Elastin
B. Keratin
C. Tubulin
D. Gastrin
Explanation:
Elastin is a key extracellular matrix protein providing elasticity to connective tissue, unlike keratin (intracellular structural protein) or gastrin (a hormone). Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 73 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Features of fibroadenoma include:
A. Usually multiple
B. Rectangular in shape
C. Common age after 30 years
D. Stroma is scanty
Explanation:
Fibroadenomas are typically mobile, well-circumscribed breast lumps with a relatively scanty fibrous stroma compared with the glandular component, and are most common in young women under 30. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 74 সঠিক উত্তর: C
DNA is found in:
A. Golgi complex
B. Ribosome
C. Chromosome
D. Lysosome
Explanation:
DNA is packaged within chromosomes in the nucleus (as well as mitochondria), not in the Golgi complex, ribosomes or lysosomes. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 75 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Confirmatory marker for Viremic stage of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is:
A. HBsAg
B. Anti-HBs
C. HBV DNA
D. Anti-HBcgG
Explanation:
Detectable HBV DNA in serum confirms active viral replication and the viraemic stage of hepatitis B infection. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 76 সঠিক উত্তর: C
The rectum:
A. Begins in front of the 1st sacral vertebra
B. Has a lining of stratified squamous epithelium
C. Is related anteriorly to the cervix
D. Has a venous drainage into the superior vena cava
Explanation:
In females, the rectum lies posterior to the uterus and cervix, separated by the recto-uterine pouch (of Douglas), making it anteriorly related to the cervix. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 77 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Milk ejection in female is caused by:
A. Oestrogen
B. Progesterone
C. Prolactin
D. Oxytocin
Explanation:
Oxytocin, released from the posterior pituitary in response to suckling, causes contraction of myoepithelial cells and milk ejection. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 78 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Mutable risk factor of hypertension is:
A. Age
B. Smoking
C. Sex
D. Family history
Explanation:
Unlike age, sex, or family history, smoking is a modifiable (mutable) risk factor for hypertension that can be changed through behaviour. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 79 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Which of the following is a tumor marker?
A. PSA
B. CA 19-9
C. CRP
D. Family history
Explanation:
Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is a widely used tumour marker for monitoring and screening prostate cancer. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 80 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Christmas disease develops due to deficiency of clotting factor:
A. V
B. VII
C. VIII
D. IX
Explanation:
Christmas disease (Haemophilia B) results from deficiency of clotting Factor IX. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 81 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Acute heart failure may occur in:
A. Rheumatoid arthritis
B. Rheumatic fever
C. Myxedema
D. Laparomatous condition
Explanation:
Acute rheumatic fever can cause acute carditis and heart failure due to valvular and myocardial inflammation. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 82 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Detrusor muscle is a muscle of:
A. Scrotum
B. Spermatic cord
C. Urogenital diaphragm
D. Urinary bladder
Explanation:
The detrusor muscle is the smooth muscle layer of the urinary bladder wall responsible for bladder contraction during micturition. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 83 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Amount of Hb contained in late normoblast is:
A. 20 Pg
B. 25 Pg
C. 30 Pg
D. 35 Pg
Explanation:
The late (orthochromatic) normoblast contains haemoglobin approaching that of a mature red cell, approximately 30 picograms. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 84 সঠিক উত্তর: B
X-linked recessive disorder is:
A. Alkaptonuria
B. Hemophilia
C. Polycystic kidney disease
D. Wilson's disease
Explanation:
Haemophilia A and B are classic X-linked recessive bleeding disorders, unlike the autosomal disorders listed among the other options. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 85 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Parasitic infection associated with anemia is:
A. Loa loa
B. W. bancrofti
C. Onchocerca volvulus
D. Necator americanus
Explanation:
Hookworm infection (Necator americanus) causes chronic intestinal blood loss, leading to iron deficiency anaemia. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 86 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Which of the following structure passes through the aortic opening of the diaphragm?
A. Azygos vein
B. Inferior venacava
C. Thoracic duct
D. Vagal trunk
Explanation:
The aortic opening of the diaphragm (at T12) transmits the aorta, thoracic duct and azygos vein; among the listed options the thoracic duct is correct. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 87 সঠিক উত্তর: C
In infants, defecation often follows a meal. The cause of colonic contractions in the situation is:
A. Histamine
B. Increased circulating level of CCK
C. The gastrocolic reflex
D. The enterogastric reflex
Explanation:
The gastrocolic reflex triggers increased colonic motility shortly after a meal enters the stomach, explaining the urge to defecate after eating, especially prominent in infants. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 88 সঠিক উত্তর: B
The supporting cells of nervous system is called:
A. Neuron
B. Neuroglia
C. Ganglia
D. Purkinje cell
Explanation:
Neuroglial cells provide structural and metabolic support to neurons in the nervous system. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 89 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Which disease is the mimicking anxiety disorder?
A. Alcohol withdrawal
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Hypoglycaemia
D. Temporal lobe epilepsy
Explanation:
Hypoglycaemia classically produces sympathetic symptoms such as palpitations, sweating and tremor that closely mimic an anxiety or panic attack. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 90 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Medial boundary of the femoral ring is formed by:
A. Pectineus muscle
B. Inguinal ligament
C. Lacunar ligament
D. Femoral vein
Explanation:
The lacunar (Gimbernat's) ligament forms the medial boundary of the femoral ring, a site prone to femoral hernia. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 91 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Following are the causes of vertigo except:
A. Benign positional vertigo
B. Acoustic neuroma
C. Vestibular neuritis
D. Bell's palsy
Explanation:
Bell's palsy is an isolated facial nerve (motor) palsy and does not typically cause vertigo, unlike the vestibular pathologies listed. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 92 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Non cardiac causes of atrial fibrillation is:
A. Pneumonia
B. Chronic liver disease
C. Chronic kidney disease
D. Stroke
Explanation:
Acute illnesses such as pneumonia can precipitate atrial fibrillation through systemic inflammation and hypoxia, representing a recognised non-cardiac trigger. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 93 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Compared to hepatic bile, gall bladder bile contains a reduced concentration of which of the following?
A. Water
B. Bile acids
C. Protein
D. Glucose
Explanation:
The gallbladder concentrates bile by actively reabsorbing water and electrolytes, so gallbladder bile has a lower water content than hepatic bile. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 94 সঠিক উত্তর: C
All are functions of epithelial tissue except:
A. Absorption
B. Secretion
C. Contractility
D. Globulin synthesis
Explanation:
Epithelial tissue performs absorption, secretion and protection, but contractility is a property of muscle tissue, not epithelium. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 95 সঠিক উত্তর: C
The major pathophysiologic abnormality of Dengue Shock Syndrome is:
A. High haematocrit
B. Leukopenia
C. Plasma leakage
D. Thrombocytopenia
Explanation:
Increased capillary permeability leading to plasma leakage is the central pathophysiological abnormality underlying dengue shock syndrome. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 96 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Drug used in "Scabies" is:
A. Permethrin
B. Streptomycin
C. Sulfasalazine
D. Ivermectin
Explanation:
Topical permethrin cream is the first-line treatment for scabies infestation. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 97 সঠিক উত্তর: C
During sleep, there is fall in the circulating level of hormone except:
A. Adrenaline
B. Cortisol
C. Growth hormone
D. Insulin
Explanation:
Growth hormone secretion actually rises during deep (slow-wave) sleep, unlike cortisol, adrenaline and insulin, which tend to fall. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 98 সঠিক উত্তর: B
In adult, the daily loss of fluid in the feces, normally is:
A. 50 ml
B. 100 ml
C. 150 ml
D. 200 ml
Explanation:
Normal daily faecal water loss in a healthy adult is approximately 100 ml. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 99 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Plasma clearance value of glucose is:
A. 0 ml/min
B. 75 ml/min
C. 125 ml/min
D. 140 ml/min
Explanation:
Under normal conditions, glucose is completely reabsorbed by the renal tubules, so its plasma clearance is effectively zero. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.