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42nd BCS (Medical Part)

42nd BCS (Medical Part)

বিগত সালের প্রশ্ন BCS 42nd BCS (Medical Part)
প্রশ্ন 51 সঠিক উত্তর: C
In secondary hypothyroidism
A. ↑TSH, ↑FT4
B. ↑FT4 normal TSH
C. ↓TSH ↓FT4
D. ↓TSH ↑FT4
Explanation:
Secondary hypothyroidism arises from pituitary failure, so both TSH and free T4 are low. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 52 সঠিক উত্তর: C
ECG changes in hyperkalaemia
A. ST depression
B. short QRS complex
C. tall T wave
D. K+ level 5.5-7.0 meq/L
Explanation:
Hyperkalaemia produces tall peaked T waves, flattened P waves and widened QRS complexes. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 53 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Antibody present in highest percentage in newborn is
A. Ig A
B. Ig E
C. Ig G
D. Ig M
Explanation:
IgG crosses the placenta, so it is the predominant antibody in newborns. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 54 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Which of the following hormones exhibits a diurnal rythm in its secretion
A. ACTH
B. Adrenaline
C. Parathyroid hormone
D. Prolactin
Explanation:
ACTH (and hence cortisol) shows a marked diurnal rhythm, peaking in the early morning. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 55 সঠিক উত্তর: D
In an immune mediated response, which of the following leukocytes becomes an activated macrophage.
A. lymphocyte
B. basophil
C. neurtrophil
D. monocyte
Explanation:
Circulating monocytes migrate into tissues and differentiate into macrophages, which are activated in immune responses. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 56 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Which of the following does not have a membrane
A. Ribosome
B. Mitochondria
C. Nucleus
D. Chloroplast
Explanation:
Ribosomes are non-membranous organelles, whereas mitochondria, nucleus and chloroplasts are membrane bound. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 57 সঠিক উত্তর: C
The diaphragm is pierced by
A. sympathetic trunk
B. lowest intercostal nerves
C. Left phrenic nerve
D. Pudendal nerve
Explanation:
The left phrenic nerve pierces the diaphragm separately, while the right phrenic nerve passes through the caval opening. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 58 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Excitatory cells of nervous system includes
A. anterior horn cells of spinal cord
B. ependymal cell
C. microglia
D. Purkinje cell
Explanation:
Anterior horn motor neurons are excitatory, whereas Purkinje cells are inhibitory and ependymal cells and microglia are non-neuronal. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 59 সঠিক উত্তর: B
In which poisoning gastric lavage is contraindicated
A. OPC
B. kerosene
C. paracetamol
D. methanol
Explanation:
Gastric lavage is contraindicated in hydrocarbon (kerosene) poisoning because of the risk of aspiration pneumonitis. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 60 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Following infections are common in immunodeficient patient except
A. Pneumocystis carini
B. Diphtheria
C. Cytomegalovirus
D. Candida albicans
Explanation:
Pneumocystis, CMV and Candida are typical opportunistic infections in immunodeficiency, whereas diphtheria is not. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 61 সঠিক উত্তর: C
ACE inhibitor are contraindicated in
A. Asthma
B. Acute heart failure
C. Pregnancy
D. diabetic nephropathy
Explanation:
ACE inhibitors are teratogenic and contraindicated in pregnancy. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 62 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Retroperitoneal structures include
A. transverse colon
B. ascending colon
C. inferior vena cava
D. vermiform appendix
Explanation:
The inferior vena cava is a primary retroperitoneal structure. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 63 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Continuous capillaries gaseous exchange occurs in
A. Thyroid gland
B. Lungs
C. Spleen
D. Bone marrows
Explanation:
Gas exchange occurs across the continuous capillaries of the lungs. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 64 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Commonest tumors of the central nervous system arise from
A. meninges
B. Neuroglia
C. Blood vessels
D. Nerve cells
Explanation:
Primary CNS tumours most commonly arise from neuroglial cells (gliomas). Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 65 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Antigen presenting cell except
A. Macrophage
B. Neutrophil
C. Langerhan's cell of skin
D. Dendritic cell
Explanation:
Macrophages, Langerhans cells and dendritic cells are antigen-presenting cells, whereas neutrophils are not. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 66 সঠিক উত্তর: C
DNA synthesis is inhibited by
A. Prednisolone
B. Chloramphenicol
C. Azathioprine
D. Chlaroquine
Explanation:
Azathioprine is a purine analogue that inhibits DNA synthesis. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 67 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Common organism for neonatal sepsis
A. Pneumococci
B. Pseudomonas
C. E Coli
D. H. influenza
Explanation:
E. coli is among the commonest causes of neonatal sepsis. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 68 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Rickets radiology
A. cupping of epiphysis
B. ring shape epiphysis
C. widening of epiphysis
D. increased calcifications
Explanation:
Radiological rickets shows cupping, fraying and widening at the growth plate region. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 69 সঠিক উত্তর: D
X-linked disorder is
A. polycystic ovarian syndrome
B. Down's syndrome
C. turners syndrome
D. Haemophilia
Explanation:
Haemophilia A and B are classic X-linked recessive disorders. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 70 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Mood stabilizer is
A. Topiramate
B. Lithium
C. Dexamethasone
D. Diazepam
Explanation:
Lithium is the classic mood stabiliser used in bipolar disorder. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 71 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Normal saline is
A. Capable to exert about 300 mosm/L osmotic pressure
B. Hypertonic to plasma
C. Synonymous with normal saline
D. 9 gm meq/L solution
Explanation:
0.9 percent saline is approximately isotonic, exerting an osmolarity of about 300 mOsm/L. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 72 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Pancreatitis causes of elevation of plasma
A. Lipase
B. Aldolase
C. Acid phosphatase
D. Lipoprotein lipase
Explanation:
Serum lipase and amylase rise in acute pancreatitis. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 73 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Complete lesion of oculomotor nerve causes
A. ptosis
B. blindness
C. pupil constriction
D. inability to lateral movement
Explanation:
Complete oculomotor palsy causes ptosis, a dilated pupil and a down-and-out eye position. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 74 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Avascular structures include
A. Enamel of the teeth
B. Bone marrow
C. Periosteum
D. Retina
Explanation:
Tooth enamel is an avascular, acellular mineralised tissue. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 75 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Substance that can easily diffuse through
A. Glucose
B. Protein
C. Na+
D. Oxygen
Explanation:
Small lipid-soluble gases like oxygen diffuse freely across cell membranes. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 76 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Blood brain barrier formed by
A. Endothelial cell
B. Ependyma
C. Oligodentrocyte
D. Epithelial cells
Explanation:
The blood-brain barrier is formed mainly by tight junctions between capillary endothelial cells. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 77 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Major antibody content of the serum is
A. α-I fraction
B. α-2 fraction
C. γ fraction
D. β fraction
Explanation:
Antibodies (immunoglobulins) migrate in the gamma fraction on serum electrophoresis. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 78 সঠিক উত্তর: B
The followings are mainly intracellular parasites
A. Echinococcus granulosus
B. Leishmania donovani
C. Trypanosoma gambiense
D. Covid RNA virus
Explanation:
Leishmania donovani amastigotes live inside macrophages, making them obligate intracellular parasites. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 79 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Following menopause there is increased secretion of
A. FSH
B. Oxytocin
C. Prolactin
D. Oestrogen
Explanation:
After menopause loss of ovarian feedback raises FSH and LH while oestrogen falls. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 80 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Biochemical disturbance occurs in fulminating hepatic failure is
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Hypoglycemia
C. High serum albumin
D. Prolongation of prothrombine time
Explanation:
Impaired clotting-factor synthesis in fulminant hepatic failure prolongs prothrombin time. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 81 সঠিক উত্তর: C
Which type of epithelium is found in thyroid follicles
A. squamus
B. transitional
C. cuboidal
D. columner
Explanation:
Thyroid follicles are lined by simple cuboidal epithelium. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 82 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Which among the following is protozoal infection
A. Giardiasis
B. Schistosomiasis
C. Filariasis
D. Hydatid disease
Explanation:
Giardiasis is caused by the protozoan Giardia lamblia, unlike the helminthic infections listed. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 83 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Ionising radiation-following is true
A. Does not affect age
B. Does not affect lungs
C. Does not affect skin
D. Affects the brain
Explanation:
Ionising radiation can damage many tissues including the brain, lungs and skin. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 84 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Content of the broad ligament
A. Testes
B. Ovary
C. Ureter
D. Ovarian artery
Explanation:
The broad ligament contains the uterine tubes, ovarian and uterine vessels and ligaments. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 85 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Myoepithelial cells found in
A. Sweat gland
B. Parotid gland
C. Adrenal gland
D. Lacrimal gland
Explanation:
Myoepithelial cells surround the secretory units of sweat glands, helping expel secretions. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 86 সঠিক উত্তর: D
Local blood vessels are dilated due to increased concentration of
A. Endothelin
B. Sodium Ions
C. Calcium Ions
D. Potassium Ions
Explanation:
Raised local potassium concentration is a metabolic vasodilator. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 87 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Hemorrhagic lesions may occur
A. Vitamin B deficiencies
B. Vitamin C deficiencies
C. Retinol deficiency
D. Nephrotic syndrome
Explanation:
Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy) weakens collagen and causes haemorrhagic lesions. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 88 সঠিক উত্তর: B
Structure passes through greater sciatic foramen
A. extensor of hip
B. gluteal nerve
C. flexor of the knee
D. adduction of hip
Explanation:
The superior and inferior gluteal nerves pass through the greater sciatic foramen. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 89 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Major source of progesterone in early 8 weeks of pregnancy is
A. Corpus luteum
B. Meternal liver
C. Placental cytotrophoblast
D. Placental syncytotrophoblast
Explanation:
The corpus luteum maintains progesterone secretion until the placenta takes over around weeks 8 to 10. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 90 সঠিক উত্তর: C
In emphysema, pulmonary function test shows
A. Decreased residual volume
B. Increased FEV1/FVC
C. Increased total lung capacity
D. Increased vital capacity
Explanation:
Emphysema causes air trapping with increased residual volume and total lung capacity and a reduced FEV1/FVC ratio. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.
প্রশ্ন 91 সঠিক উত্তর: A
Hot air oven is used for sterilization of
A. Scalpel
B. Wire loop
C. Needle
D. Swab stick
Explanation:
Sharp metal instruments such as scalpels are sterilised by dry heat in a hot air oven. Copyright © JobScholar. All rights reserved.